COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS IN THE UFA DISTRICT

Abstract

The paper presents the results of a production-scale comparative trial of four medium-early sunflower hybrids tolerant to tribenuron-methyl-based herbicides under the soil and climatic conditions of the Ufa District, Republic of Bashkortostan, in 2025. The objective was to evaluate LG 59580, Joya, Sulfor and Excellent by phenological development, field emergence, plant survival, phytosanitary status, yield components, seed yield, oil content and economic efficiency. The trial was conducted in three replications on production fields with similar agrochemical characteristics. Seed yield was recorded by treatment, recalculated to standard moisture and statistically processed. Joya produced the highest yield of 2.59 t ha-1, exceeding the LG 59580 control by 0.32 t ha-1 at an LSD05 of 0.15 t ha-1. Joya also had the largest head diameter (18.0 cm), the highest seed weight per head (54.2 g), field emergence (93.7%), plant survival (96.6%) and seed oil content (49.2%). The correlation coefficient between seed weight per head and yield was r = 0.99. According to production-cost calculations, Joya provided a conditional net income of 34,807.5 RUB ha-1 and profitability of 81.2%. The results indicate that this hybrid is promising for sunflower production in the forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan.